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e-CFR
Data is current as of June 10, 2010

Title 18:
Conservation of Power and Water Resources
PART 35—FILING OF RATE SCHEDULES AND TARIFFS

Subpart C—Other Filing Requirements

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§ 35.14   Fuel cost and purchased economic power
adjustment clauses.

(a) Fuel adjustment clauses (fuel clause) which are not in conformity
with the principles set out below are not in the public interest. These
regulations contemplate that the filing of proposed rate schedules,
tariffs or service agreements which embody fuel clauses failing to conform
to the following principles may result in suspension of those parts of
such rate schedules, tariffs, or service agreements:

(1) The fuel clause shall be of the form that provides for periodic
adjustments per kWh of sales equal to the difference between the fuel and
purchased economic power costs per kWh of sales in the base period and in
the current period:

Adjustment Factor = Fm/Sm-Fb/Sb

Where: F is the expense of fossil and nuclear fuel and purchased
economic power in the base ( b ) and current ( m ) periods;
and S is the kWh sales in the base and current periods, all as defined
below.

(2) Fuel and purchased economic power costs ( F ) shall be the
cost of:

(i) Fossil and nuclear fuel consumed in the utility's own plants, and
the utility's share of fossil and nuclear fuel consumed in jointly owned
or leased plants.

(ii) The actual identifiable fossil and nuclear fuel costs associated
with energy purchased for reasons other than identified in paragraph
(a)(2)(iii) of this section.

(iii) The total cost of the purchase of economic power, as defined in
paragraph (a)(11) of this section, if the reserve capacity of the buyer is
adequate independent of all other purchases where non-fuel charges are
included in either F bor F m;

(iv) Energy charges for any purchase if the total amount of energy
charges incurred for the purchase is less than the buyer's total avoided
variable cost;

(v) And less the cost of fossil and nuclear fuel recovered
through all inter-system sales.

(3) Sales (S) must be all kWh's sold, excluding inter-system sales.
Where for any reason, billed system sales cannot be coordinated with fuel
costs for the billing period, sales may be equated to the sum of: (i)
Generation, (ii) purchases, (iii) exchange received, less (iv) energy
associated with pumped storage operations, less (v) inter-system sales
referred to in paragraph (a)(2)(iv) of this section, less (vi) total
system losses.

(4) The adjustment factor developed according to this procedure shall
be modified to properly allow for losses (estimated if necessary)
associated only with wholesale sales for resale.

(5) The adjustment factor developed according to this procedure may be
further modified to allow the recovery of gross receipts and other similar
revenue based tax charges occasioned by the fuel adjustment revenues.

(6) The cost of fossil fuel shall include no items other than those
listed in Account 151 of the Commission's Uniform System of Accounts for
Public Utilities and Licensees. The cost of nuclear fuel shall be that as
shown in Account 518, except that if Account 518 also contains any expense
for fossil fuel which has already been included in the cost of fossil
fuel, it shall be deducted from this account. (Paragraph C of Account 518
includes the cost of other fuels used for ancillary steam facilities.)

(7) Where the cost of fuel includes fuel from company-owned or
controlled1 sources, that fact shall be noted and
described as part of any filing. Where the utility purchases fuel from a
company-owned or controlled source, the price of which is subject to the
jurisdiction of a regulatory body, and where the price of such fuel has
been approved by that regulatory body, such costs shall be presumed,
subject to rebuttal, to be reasonable and includable in the adjustment
clause. If the current price, however, is in litigation and is being
collected subject to refund, the utility shall so advise the Commission
and shall keep a separate account of such amounts paid which are subject
to refund, and shall advise the Commission of the final disposition of
such matter by the regulatory body having jurisdiction. With respect to
the price of fuel purchases from company-owned or controlled sources
pursuant to contracts which are not subject to regulatory authority, the
utility company shall file such contracts and amendments thereto with the
Commission for its acceptance at the time it files its fuel clause or
modification thereof. Any subsequent amendment to such contracts shall
likewise be filed with the Commission as a rate schedule change and may be
subject to suspension under section 205 of the Federal Power Act. Fuel
charges by affiliated companies which do not appear to be reasonable may
result in the suspension of the fuel adjustment clause or cause an
investigation thereof to be made by the Commission on its own motion under
section 206 of the Federal Power Act.

1 As defined in the Commission's Uniform System of Accounts
18 CFR part 101, Definitions 5B.

(8) All rate filings which contain a proposed new fuel clause or a
change in an existing fuel clause shall conform such clauses with the
regulations. Within one year of the effectiveness of this rulemaking, all
public utilities with rate schedules that contain a fuel clause should
conform such clauses with the regulations. Recognizing that individual
public utilities may have special operating characteristics that may
warrant granting temporary delays in the implementation of the
regulations, the Commission may, upon showing of good cause, waive the
requirements of this section of the regulations for an additional one-year
period so as to permit the public utilities sufficient time to adjust to
the requirements.

(9) All rate filings containing a proposed new fuel clause or change in
an existing fuel clause shall include:

(i) A description of the fuel clause with detailed cost support for the
base cost of fuel and purchased economic power or energy.

(ii) Full cost of service data unless the utility has had the rate
approved by the Commission within a year, provided that such cost of
service may not be required when an existing fuel cost adjustment clause
is being modified to conform to the Commission's regulations.

(10) Whenever particular circumstances prevent the use of the standards
provided for herein, or the use thereof would result in an undue burden,
the Commission may, upon application under §385.207 of this chapter and
for good cause shown, permit deviation from these regulations.

(11) For the purpose of paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section, the
following definitions apply:

(i) Economic power is power or energy purchased over a period of
twelve months or less where the total cost of the purchase is less than
the buyer's total avoided variable cost.

(ii) Total cost of the purchase is all charges incurred in
buying economic power and having such power delivered to the buyer's
system. The total cost includes, but is not limited to, capacity or
reservation charges, energy charges, adders, and any transmission or
wheeling charges associated with the purchase.

(iii) Total avoided variable cost is all identified and
documented variable costs that would have been incurred by the buyer had a
particular purchase not been made. Such costs include, but are not limited
to, those associated with fuel, start-up, shut-down or any purchases that
would have been made in lieu of the purchase made.

(12) For the purpose of paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section, the
following procedures and instructions apply:

(i) A utility proposing to include purchase charges other than those
for fuel or energy in fuel and purchased economic power costs ( F)
under paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section shall amend its fuel cost
adjustment clause so that it is consistent with paragraphs (a)(1) and
(a)(2)(iii) of this section. Such amendment shall state the system reserve
capacity criteria by which the system operator decides whether a
reliability purchase is required. Where the utility filing the statement
is required by a State or local regulatory body (including a plant site
licensing board) to file a capacity criteria statement with that body, the
system reserve capacity criteria in the statement filed with the
Commission shall be identical to those contained in the statement filed
with the State or local regulatory body. Any utility that changes its
reserve capacity criteria shall, within 45 days of such change, file an
amended fuel cost and purchased economic power adjustment clause to
incorporate the new criteria.

(ii) Reserve capacity shall be deemed adequate if, at the time a
purchase was initiated, the buyer's system reserve capacity criteria were
projected to be satisfied for the duration of the purchase without the
purchase at issue.

(iii) The total cost of the purchase must be projected to be less than
total avoided variable cost, at the time a purchase was initiated, before
any non-fuel purchase charge may be included in F m.

(iv) The purchasing utility shall make a credit to F mafter a purchase terminates if the total cost of the purchase
exceeds the total avoided variable cost. The amount of the credit shall be
the difference between the total cost of the purchase and the total
avoided variable cost. This credit shall be made in the first adjustment
period after the end of the purchase. If a utility fails to make the
credit in the first adjustment period after the end of the purchase, it
shall, when making the credit, also include in F minterest on the amount of the credit. Interest shall be
calculated at the rate required by §35.19a(a)(2)(iii) of this chapter, and
shall accrue from the date the credit should have been made under this
paragraph until the date the credit is made.

(v) If a purchase is made of more capacity than is needed to satisfy
the buyer's system reserve capacity criteria because the total costs of
the extra capacity and associated energy are less than the buyer's total
avoided variable costs for the duration of the purchase, the charges
associated with the non-reliability portion of the purchase may be
included in F.
(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget
under control number 1902–0096)

(Federal Power Act, 16 U.S.C. 824d, 824e and 825h (1976 & Supp. IV
1980); Department of Energy Organization Act, 42 U.S.C. 7171, 7172 and
7173(c) (Supp. IV 1980); E.O. 12009, 3 CFR part 142 (1978); 5 U.S.C. 553
(1976))

[Order 271, 28 FR 10573, Oct. 2, 1963, as amended by Order 421, 36 FR
3047, Feb. 17, 1971; 39 FR 40583, Nov. 19, 1974; Order 225, 47 FR 19056,
May 3, 1982; Order 352, 48 FR 55436, Dec. 13, 1983; 49 FR 5073, Feb. 10,
1984; Order 529, 55 FR 47321, Nov. 13, 1990; Order 600, 63 FR 53809, Oct.
7, 1998; Order 714, 73 FR 57532, Oct. 3, 2008; 73 FR 63886, Oct. 28,
2008]

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